In the chapter titled “Role of Government in Health,” various concepts related to healthcare and the role of the government in providing essential services are discussed. The definitions of public and private sectors are explained, highlighting the distinction between activities or services provided by the government for the public’s welfare and those organized by individuals or companies for profit.

The significance of public health services is emphasized, as they are designed to cater to the needs of both rural and urban areas. The government funds the public healthcare system and aims to provide affordable and quality healthcare services, ensuring that even the underprivileged sections of society can access treatment. Preventive measures to control communicable diseases are also implemented under this system.

On the other hand, the private healthcare system consists of privately-owned clinics, hospitals, and laboratories, primarily serving urban areas. While private services offer quick and specialized facilities, they are often expensive, making them inaccessible to a significant portion of the population.

The discussion further explores the availability, affordability, and quality of healthcare services in both public and private sectors. It is noted that public health services, although affordable, often suffer from overcrowding, delays, and inadequate infrastructure. In contrast, private healthcare services provide a more pleasant environment, quick service, and state-of-the-art facilities, but at a higher cost.

The text highlights the issue of healthcare inequality, acknowledging that the country has the resources and knowledge but struggles to provide adequate healthcare for all. The burden of medical expenses is discussed, causing hardship for middle-class families and exacerbating the already difficult situation of the poor.