Reproductive System
Summary:
The Reproductive System text discusses various aspects of the reproductive systems in both males and females. In the male reproductive system, the organs and functions are outlined, including the testes, duct system, accessory glands, external genitalia, and their respective roles in sperm production and ejaculation. The process of spermatogenesis and the structure of sperm are also explained.
The female reproductive system is described, highlighting the organs, such as the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina, along with their functions. The oogenesis process and the influence of hormones like follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) on ovarian function are discussed. The menstrual cycle and its stages, including menstruation, proliferation, and secretion, are explained.
Additionally, the mammary glands and their role in producing milk during lactation are outlined. The concept of fertilization and forming a zygote from the union of sperm and egg are defined. The text also mentions some disorders and diseases affecting the reproductive system, including infertility, sexually transmitted infections like gonorrhea and chlamydia, genital herpes, and various reproductive cancers.
In summary, the text overviews the reproductive system, its functions, and related topics such as gamete production, menstrual cycles, fertility, and common reproductive disorders.
Excerpt:
Reproductive Systems
LO1 – Identify the organs of the male reproductive system, and discuss the general function of each
LO2 – Name the endocrine and exocrine products of the testes
LO3 – Discuss the composition of semen and name the glands that produce it
LO4 – Trace the pathway followed by sperm from the testis to the body’s exterior
| Gonads | primary sex organs (produce gametes & secrete hormones) |
| Gametes | sex cells |
| Ejaculation | smooth muscle in the walls of the ductus deferens creates peristaltic waves to squeeze sperm forward |
| Vasectomy | cutting of ductus deferens at the level of the testes prevents the transportation of sperm (a form of birth control) |
| Semen | A milky white mixture of sperm and accessory gland secretions |
Male Reproductive System
- Testes
- Duct system – transports sperm from the body
- Epididymis
- Ductus deferens
- Urethra
- Accessory glands – semen
- Seminal vesicles
- Prostate
- Bulbourethral glands
- External genitalia
- Scrotum
- Penis
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