Microprocessors and Assembly Language

Summary:

Microprocessors and assembly language are essential components of computer systems. In terms of microprocessors, they are central processing units fabricated on a single semiconductor chip. These chips are typically produced using MOS technology. Microcomputers, on the other hand, interact with the external world through interfaced I/O devices. During a specific period, the market featured three microprocessors. PMOS, which stands for P-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor, is a technology utilized in microprocessor fabrication. Intel used HMOS technology to recreate the 8085A microprocessor.

The evolution of microprocessors can be categorized into different generations. 16-bit microprocessors dominated the third generation, while Motorola introduced 32-bit RISC processors. LSI technology experienced significant growth between 1971 and 1977. During this period, the world witnessed the emergence of the first microprocessor, the Intel 4004. The PowerPC microprocessor architecture was developed by IBM, and CISC, which stands for Complex Instruction Set Computer, became a prominent concept in microprocessor design.

Moving on to assembly language and related concepts, the discussion revolves around registers, memory, and cache memory. Computers typically have two types of registers, and they are closely linked to the main memory of the system. Registers are responsible for storing data, and the assembler keeps track of names and corresponding values in a symbol table. Basic stack operations include PUSH and POP, operating on the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) principle. The assembler stores the object code on magnetic disks, and instructions like MOV and ADD are known as op-codes.

Excerpt:

Microprocessors and Assembly Language

MICROPROCESSOR & ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE SET-1 Mcqs
1. A central processing unit, fabricated on a single chip of semiconductor is called: Microprocessor
2. Microprocessor is fabricated on a single chip using: MOS
3. Which system communicates with the outside world via the I/O devices interfaced with it: Microcomputer
4. How many microprocessors were in the market during the same period:3
5. PMOS stands for P-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor
6. Intel used HMOS technology to recreate: 8085A
7. Third generation microprocessor is dominated by 16-bit Microprocessor.
8. Motorola introduced 32 bit-Risc Processor.
9. The growth of LSI technology from 1971-1977
10. Which is the world’s first microprocessor? Intel 400