Introduction to Data Structure (Grade A+)

Summary:

Introduction to Data Structure

DSA, or Data Structures and Algorithms, is a fundamental topic in computer science and programming that deals with organizing and manipulating data efficiently. It involves the study of different data structures such as arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, and graphs, and the algorithms used to perform operations on them.

Data structures are ways of storing and organizing data, while algorithms are step-by-step procedures for solving problems using those data structures. The combination of data structures and algorithms enables programmers to develop efficient and scalable software solutions for a wide range of applications.

The study of DSA is crucial for any programmer, as it forms the basis for solving complex problems and developing efficient software. It helps programmers understand how to choose the most appropriate data structures and algorithms for a particular problem, and how to analyze their time and space complexity.

Excerpt:

Introduction to Data Structure

Introduction to Graphs:
A graph is a non-linear data structure. It contains a set of points known as nodes (or vertices) and a set of links known as edges (or Arcs). Here edges are used to connect the vertices. A graph is defined as follows:

– A graph is a collection of vertices and arcs in which vertices are connected with arcs
– A graph is a collection of nodes and edges in which nodes are connected with edges

Generally, a graph G is represented as G = ( V, E ), where V is a set of vertices and E is a set of edges.

Example:
The following is a graph with 5 vertices and 6 edges. This graph G can be defined as G = ( V , E ) Where V equals {A,B,C,D,E} and E = {(A,B),(A,C)(A,D),(B,D),(C,D),(B,E),(E,D)}

Introduction to Data Structure

Graph Terminology
We use the following terms in the graph data structure:

• Vertex
  The individual data element of a graph is called a Vertex,  also known as a node. In the above graph, A, B, C, D & E are known as vertices.
• Edge
  An edge is a connecting link between two vertices. It is also known as Arc and is represented as (startingVertex, endingVertex).