Applied Anatomy and Physiology – OCR A Level PE Revision Notes (Grade A)

Summary:

This comprehensive text delves into the realm of applied anatomy and physiology, covering various aspects of the human body and its functions. It begins by examining joints and movements, explaining the components of joints such as ligaments, synovial fluid, articular cartilage, joint capsules, and bursa. The different planes of movement and types of synovial joints are also discussed.

Moving on to the muscular system, the text identifies key muscles in different body areas, including the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, and ankle. It explores the roles of agonist, antagonist, and fixator muscles, as well as the different types of muscle contractions.

The cardiovascular system is then examined, covering both pulmonary and systemic circulation. The conduction system of the heart, cardiac cycle, and cardiac values such as heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output are explained.

Next, the respiratory system takes the spotlight, detailing the air pathway through the respiratory system and highlighting respiratory values. The mechanisms of breathing, respiratory regulation at rest and during exercise, and gaseous exchange in external and internal respiration are discussed.

The text also explores energy for exercise, outlining the different energy systems involved, including the ATP-PC system, glycolytic system, and aerobic system. The concept of the energy continuum and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) is also explained.

Lastly, the text touches upon exercise at altitude and exercise in the heat. It explains the effects of altitude on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the challenges and adaptations that occur during altitude training. The effects of heat on the cardiovascular system and the physiological responses to heat are also examined.

In summary, this text provides a comprehensive overview of applied anatomy and physiology, offering valuable insights into the intricate workings of the human body.

Excerpt:

Applied Anatomy and Physiology – OCR A Level PE Revision Notes 

Contents

Joints and movements – 1-3

Muscular system – 3-5

Cardiovascular system – 6-8

Respiratory system – 9-10

Energy for exercise – 11

EPOC – 12

Exercise at altitude – 13

Exercise in the heat – 14

Sources used – 14

Joints and movements

Components of a joint

Applied Anatomy and Physiology