Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye

Summary:

The eye is the primary organ of vision, located in the orbit. It comprises several parts, including the cornea, iris, lens, macula, optic nerve, pupil, retina, and vitreous gel. The cornea is the clear outer part responsible for focusing light. The iris, the coloured part of the eye, regulates the amount of light entering. The lens behind the iris further focuses light onto the retina. The macula is a sensitive area in the retina’s centre, responsible for central vision. The optic nerve carries sight impulses from the retina to the brain. The pupil, an opening at the centre of the iris, adjusts its size to control light entry. The retina is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye, converting light into electrical impulses sent to the brain. The vitreous gel fills most eyeballs between the lens and the retina.

Excerpt:

Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye

Basic Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye The eye is the primary organ of vision. Each of the two eyeballs is located in the orbit, which takes up about one-fifth of the orbital volume. The muscles, fat, blood vessels, nerves, and the lacrimal gland occupy the remaining space.

Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye

• Eyebrows divert sweat from the eyes and contribute to facial expressions.
• Eyelids blink to protect the eye from foreign objects and lubricate their surface.
• Eyelashes detect and prevent foreign objects.
• The Lacrimal gland is located within the orbit above the lateral end of the eye. It continuously releases fluid which cleanses and protects the eye’s surface as it lubricates and moistens it.
• The Sclera is the white part of your eye. It’s a tough, protective covering, and the muscles that control eye movement are connected to it.

Internal Structure of the Eye
Here is a description of some of the main parts of the eye:
• Cornea: The cornea is the clear outer part of the eye’s focusing system located at the front of the eye.
• Iris: The iris is the coloured part of the eye that regulates the amount of light entering the eye.